Publish harness and TUI open-source
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# Custom Models
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Grok connects to custom model endpoints for alternative providers, self-hosted models, and overriding built-in settings. This guide explains how to select models, configure endpoints, and integrate third-party providers.
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---
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## Default Models
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By default, Grok uses models hosted by SpaceXAI, and new sessions start with `grok-build`. Default models require no configuration. Authenticate with `grok login` or an API key, then start a session.
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List all available models:
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```bash
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grok models
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```
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---
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## Selecting a Model
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### CLI Flag
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```bash
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grok -p "Hello" -m grok-build
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```
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### Slash Command
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In the TUI, switch models during a session:
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```
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/model grok-build
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```
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Or use the alias:
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```
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/m grok-build
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```
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### Model Picker (Ctrl+M)
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Press `Ctrl+M` from the scrollback pane to open the model picker. It lists all available models, both built-in and custom, and lets you switch with a single keystroke. With the prompt focused, `Ctrl+M` toggles multiline input instead -- use `/model` to switch without leaving the prompt.
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### Config Default
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Set a persistent default in `~/.grok/config.toml`:
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```toml
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[models]
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default = "grok-build"
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```
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---
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## Supported API Backends
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Grok supports three API backends. Set `api_backend` in your `[model.*]` config to choose which protocol the model uses:
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| Value | API | Default |
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|-------|-----|---------|
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| `"chat_completions"` | OpenAI Chat Completions (`/v1/chat/completions`) | Yes |
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| `"responses"` | OpenAI Responses (`/v1/responses`) | |
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| `"messages"` | Anthropic Messages (`/v1/messages`) | |
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When you omit `api_backend`, Grok uses `chat_completions`.
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To send provider-specific authentication or version headers -- for example, Anthropic's `x-api-key` -- use the `extra_headers` field described below. Grok sends those headers verbatim with every request to the endpoint.
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---
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## Configuring Custom Models
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Add custom model endpoints in `~/.grok/config.toml` under `[model.<name>]` sections:
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```toml
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[model.my-model]
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model = "model-id" # Model identifier sent to the API
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base_url = "https://api.example.com/v1" # OpenAI-compatible endpoint
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name = "Display Name" # Shown in the model picker
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description = "Model description" # Optional description
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api_key = "sk-..." # API key for this provider (optional)
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env_key = "XAI_API_KEY" # Env var holding the API key (optional; string or array)
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api_backend = "chat_completions" # "chat_completions", "responses", or "messages"
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temperature = 0.7 # Sampling temperature
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top_p = 0.95 # Nucleus sampling parameter
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max_completion_tokens = 8192 # Maximum tokens per response
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context_window = 128000 # Total context window in tokens
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extra_headers = { "x-api-key" = "sk-..." } # Extra request headers, sent verbatim (optional)
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```
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### Credential Resolution
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Grok resolves the API key in this order:
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1. The `api_key` field in the model config
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2. The environment variable(s) named by `env_key` — a single string or an array of names. The first set, non-empty value wins (for example `env_key = ["ANTHROPIC_AUTH_TOKEN", "LC_ANTHROPIC_AUTH_TOKEN"]` for SSH `LC_*` forwarding)
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3. Your signed-in session token (from `grok login`), for a model with no `api_key`/`env_key` of its own
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4. The `XAI_API_KEY` environment variable (global fallback; Grok also accepts `GROK_CODE_XAI_API_KEY` for backward compatibility)
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### Context Window
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The `context_window` value tells Grok when to trigger auto-compaction. When you override a known model, Grok inherits that model's context window. When you define a new model and omit `context_window`, Grok defaults to 200,000 tokens, so set it explicitly to match your provider.
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### Global Default Headers
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To apply the same headers to *every* model in the catalog -- built-in, prefetched from `/v1/models`, or custom -- set them once under the global `[models]` section instead of repeating them per model:
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```toml
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[models]
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extra_headers = { "X-Request-Tags" = "team=example,env=prod" }
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```
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These act as a base for each model's inference requests. A per-model `[model.<id>].extra_headers` entry overrides the global default **per key** (matched case-insensitively): a key set on the model wins, while any global-only keys are still inherited by that model. Like the per-model field, they ride on that model's inference calls -- not on separate services such as image generation or video generation -- which makes them handy for attribution tags (for example, cost tracking) without re-declaring them whenever a new model appears.
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### Global Default Values
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A few common per-model settings can also be set once under `[models]` as a default for *every* model. A per-model `[model.<id>]` value always wins; the global only fills in where a model (or the server's model list) left the field unset:
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```toml
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[models]
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temperature = 0.7
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top_p = 0.95
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max_completion_tokens = 8192
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max_retries = 8
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inference_idle_timeout_secs = 600
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stream_tool_calls = true
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```
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This is a small, fixed set of environment-wide knobs. Settings that identify a specific model (`model`, `base_url`, `api_key`, `context_window`, ...) cannot be defaulted this way, and a few settings with their own dedicated configuration -- auto-compaction (`[session]`), the system-prompt label (`[agent]`), and reasoning effort (`[models].default_reasoning_effort`) -- keep their existing homes.
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> **Note on `stream_tool_calls`:** this one affects request *shape*, not just sampling. A few endpoints (some BYOK providers) expect it left unset; if a global `stream_tool_calls = true` causes problems for such a model, opt that model out with `stream_tool_calls = false` in its `[model.<id>]` block.
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---
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## Overriding Built-in Models
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You can override specific fields of built-in models without redefining everything. Only specify the fields you want to change:
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```toml
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# Override only the API key for a default model
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[model.grok-build]
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api_key = "my-api-key"
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# Override temperature and add a custom API key
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[model.grok-build]
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temperature = 0.5
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api_key = "sk-custom"
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```
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When you override a built-in model, Grok starts with the default configuration (including the correct `base_url`), then applies only the fields you specify. Unspecified fields inherit from the default.
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### Priority Order
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1. Your config (`[model.*]`) -- highest priority
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2. Prefetched models from remote `/v1/models`
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3. Hardcoded defaults -- lowest priority
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---
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## Provider Examples
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### Anthropic (Claude)
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Use Claude models directly via the Anthropic Messages API:
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```toml
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[model.claude-opus]
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model = "claude-opus-4-6"
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base_url = "https://api.anthropic.com/v1"
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name = "Claude Opus 4.6"
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api_backend = "messages"
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context_window = 200000
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extra_headers = { "x-api-key" = "sk-ant-...", "anthropic-version" = "2023-06-01" }
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```
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The `messages` backend uses the Anthropic Messages protocol. Anthropic authenticates with an `x-api-key` header rather than `Authorization: Bearer`, so pass your key through `extra_headers`, which Grok sends verbatim.
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### OpenAI (Chat Completions)
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```toml
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[model.gpt-4o]
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model = "gpt-4o"
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base_url = "https://api.openai.com/v1"
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name = "GPT-4o"
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env_key = "OPENAI_API_KEY"
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```
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`api_backend` defaults to `"chat_completions"`, so you don't need to set it explicitly for OpenAI.
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### OpenAI (Responses API)
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If your provider supports the newer Responses API:
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```toml
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[model.gpt-4o-responses]
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model = "gpt-4o"
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base_url = "https://api.openai.com/v1"
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name = "GPT-4o (Responses)"
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api_backend = "responses"
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env_key = "OPENAI_API_KEY"
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```
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### Ollama (Local Models)
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Run models locally with [Ollama](https://ollama.ai):
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```toml
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[model.ollama-codellama]
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model = "codellama"
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base_url = "http://localhost:11434/v1"
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name = "CodeLlama (Ollama)"
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```
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Make sure Ollama is running (`ollama serve`) and the model is pulled (`ollama pull codellama`).
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### Together AI
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```toml
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[model.together-mixtral]
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model = "mistralai/Mixtral-8x7B-Instruct-v0.1"
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base_url = "https://api.together.xyz/v1"
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name = "Mixtral 8x7B"
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env_key = "TOGETHER_API_KEY"
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```
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### Local OpenAI-Compatible Server
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Any server that implements the OpenAI Chat Completions or Responses API:
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```toml
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[model.local-llama]
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model = "llama-3.1-70b"
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base_url = "http://localhost:8080/v1"
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name = "Local Llama"
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temperature = 0.8
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```
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---
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## Custom Models Endpoint
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Point Grok at a custom OpenAI-compatible `/v1/models` endpoint instead of the default. Use this when your models sit behind a corporate gateway or a self-hosted inference service.
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### Environment Variables
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| Variable | Required | Description |
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|----------|----------|-------------|
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| `GROK_MODELS_BASE_URL` | Yes | Base URL for inference. Grok fetches the model list from `{base_url}/models`. |
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| `XAI_API_KEY` | Yes | API key sent as `Authorization: Bearer`. Grok also accepts `GROK_CODE_XAI_API_KEY`. |
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| `GROK_MODELS_LIST_URL` | No | Override the model-list URL when it differs from `{base_url}/models`. |
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### Setup
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```bash
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export GROK_MODELS_BASE_URL="https://api.acme.com/v1"
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export XAI_API_KEY="xai-..."
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grok
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```
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### Config File Alternative
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```toml
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[endpoints]
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models_base_url = "https://api.acme.com/v1"
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# Override only the API key for a specific model
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[model.grok-build]
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api_key = "my-api-key"
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```
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When you use `[endpoints]` with partial model overrides, Grok inherits the `base_url` from the endpoints config, so you do not need to specify it in each `[model.*]` section.
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### Auth Behavior
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When you set `models_base_url`, Grok uses API key auth (`Authorization: Bearer`) instead of session auth. You do not need `grok login` -- the API key is enough.
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---
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## Web Search Model
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The `web_search` tool uses a separate model. Configure it with:
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```toml
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[models]
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web_search = "grok-4.20-multi-agent"
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```
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Or via environment variable:
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```bash
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export GROK_WEB_SEARCH_MODEL="grok-4.20-multi-agent"
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```
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If you point web search at a custom model, you also need a `[model.*]` entry so Grok can reach it. Server-side ("backend") web search runs only when the model sets `supports_backend_search = true` (and the build enables backend search); it does not depend on `api_backend`:
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```toml
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[models]
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web_search = "my-custom-model"
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[model.my-custom-model]
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model = "my-custom-model"
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supports_backend_search = true
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```
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---
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## Using Custom Models
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```bash
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# List available models (including custom)
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grok models
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# Use in the TUI via slash command
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/model my-model
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# Use in headless mode
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grok -p "Hello" -m my-model
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# Set as default in config.toml:
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[models]
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default = "my-model"
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```
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---
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## Enterprise Deployment
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A complete config for an enterprise deployment with custom models:
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```toml
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[cli]
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auto_update = false
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[auth]
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auth_provider_command = "/usr/local/bin/my-company-auth-provider"
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auth_provider_label = "Acme Corp"
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auth_token_ttl = 3600
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[models]
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default = "company-grok"
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[model.company-grok]
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model = "grok-build"
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base_url = "https://grok-proxy.acme.com/"
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name = "Grok Build Latest (Proxy)"
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context_window = 128000
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[features]
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telemetry = false
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```
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---
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## Troubleshooting
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### Model Not Found
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```bash
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# List available models
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grok models
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# Check config.toml for typos in [model.*] sections
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```
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### Connection Errors
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Verify the endpoint is reachable:
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```bash
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curl -s https://api.example.com/v1/models \
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-H "Authorization: Bearer $XAI_API_KEY"
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```
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### Debug Logging
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```bash
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RUST_LOG=debug GROK_LOG_FILE=/tmp/grok.log grok
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tail -f /tmp/grok.log
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```
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Look for log entries containing `model` or `sampling` to trace model selection and API calls.
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